PROC PRINT procedure :
It is used to print observations in a SAS dataset using some or all of the variables .
The syntax of PRINT procedure is :
PROC PRINT DATA = SAS-data-set ;
BY variable_list ;
ID variable(s);
VAR variable(s) ;
run;
The various attributes of PRINT procedure are :
DATA – SAS-data-set specifies the SAS data set to print .
BY – Produce a separate section of the report for each group
ID – Identify observations by the formatted values of the variables instead of by observation number .
VAR – Select variables that appears in the report and determine their order.
We want to see the observations in sales data set . The sales dataset stored in learn library . So, we use following code to print observations of sales dataset .
proc print data=learn.sales;
run;
OUTPUT:
It shows observation number (obs) and variables . It shows purchase , age , gender and income variables from sales dataset .
We used var statement to show observations of EmpID , Customer and TotalSales variables only.
proc print data=learn.sales;
var EmpID Customer TotalSales;
run;
OUTPUT:
We used id statement to replace obs column with EmpID variable.
proc print data=learn.sales;
id EmpID;
var Customer TotalSales;
run;
OUTPUT:
We used title statement to print line in output . It shows “Listing of SALES” in output window and then it shows the observations of sales dataset .
title “Listing of SALES”;
proc print data=learn.sales;
id EmpID;
var Customer Quantity TotalSales;
run;
OUTPUT:
It shows the observations of sales data set .It includes EmpID , Customer , Quantity and TotalSales . We used format statement to show TotalSales in dollar formatted values.
proc print data=learn.sales;
id EmpID;
var Customer Quantity TotalSales;
format TotalSales dollar10.2;
run;
OUTPUT:
It shows sales data with TotalSales in dollar formatted value and Quantity in comma formatted value .
proc print data=learn.sales;
id EmpID;
var Customer Quantity TotalSales;
format TotalSales dollar10.2 Quantity comma7.;
run;
OUTPUT:
We can use where statement to output only Quantity values greater than 400.
proc print data=learn.sales;
where Quantity gt 400;
id EmpID;
var Customer Quantity TotalSales;
run;
OUTPUT:
It shows observations related to EmpID values 1843 and 0177 . We used following statement as:
proc print data=learn.sales;
where EmpID in (‘1843’ ‘0177’);
id EmpID;
var Customer Quantity TotalSales;
format TotalSales dollar10.2 Quantity comma7.;
run;
OUTPUT:
We can use where statement data set option as:
proc print data=learn.sales(where=( EmpID in (‘1843’ ‘0177’)));
id EmpID;
var Customer Quantity TotalSales;
format TotalSales dollar10.2 Quantity comma7.;
run;
OUTPUT:
We can use ten titles to produce in an output .
title1 “The XYZ Company”;
title2 “Sales Figures for Fiscal 2006”;
title3 “Prepared by Roger Rabbit”;
title4 “—————————–“;
footnote “All sales figures are confidential”;
proc print data=learn.sales;
id EmpID;
We sused
var Customer Quantity TotalSales;
format TotalSales dollar10.2 Quantity comma7.;
run;
OUTPUT:
We have to close title statement otherwise it will always show us titles in our output .
We can close title statements by using following code :
title1;
title2;
title3;
We can see temporary labels by label option in print procedure .
proc print data=learn.sales label;
id EmpID;
var TotalSales Quantity;
label EmpID = “Employee ID”
TotalSales = “Total Sales”
Quantity = “Number Sold”;
format TotalSales dollar10.2 Quantity comma7.;
run;
OUTPUT:
We can use by statement to show output group-wise . We need to sort the by variable to show in grouping . We used sort procedure to sort the variable .
The syntax of SORT procedure is :
PROC SORT DATA = SAS-data-set OUT= SAS-data-set ;
BY variable(s);
RUN;
BY – the variables are sorted in ascending order by default . If we want to sort variables in descending order , we use DESCENDING before variable name .
We sort sales data set in learn library to save the sorted data set as sales data set in work library . We sort sales data set by region variable .
proc sort data=learn.sales out=sales;
by Region;
run;
We print the sales data set from work library and also show labels associated with variables .We used by statement to group output by region variable . We used id statement to replace obs column with EmpID variable . We used var statement to show TotalSales and Quantity variables in output . we used label statement to assign labels to EmpID , TotalSales and Quantity variables . We used format statement to show TotalSales in dollar formatted values and Quantity in comma formatted values .
proc print data=sales label;
by Region;
id EmpID;
var TotalSales Quantity;
label EmpID = “Employee ID”
TotalSales = “Total Sales”
Quantity = “Number Sold”;
format TotalSales dollar10.2 Quantity comma7.;
run;
OUTPUT:
We create a new data set sales to sort region variable and store in sales data set .
title “Adding Totals and Subtotals to Your Listing”;
proc sort data=learn.sales out=sales;
by Region;
run;
We can print sales data with sum statement to find sum of variables .
proc print data= sales label;
by Region;
id EmpID;
var TotalSales Quantity;
sum Quantity TotalSales;
label EmpID = “Employee ID”
TotalSales = “Total Sales”
Quantity = “Number Sold”;
format TotalSales dollar10.2 Quantity comma7.;
run;
OUTPUT:
We sort sales data set by EmpID in ascending order .
title “Using the Same Variable in an ID and BY Statement”;
proc sort data=learn.sales out=sales;
by EmpID;
run;
We print sales data set with EmpID , Customer , TotalSales and Quantity .
proc print data= sales label;
by EmpID;
id EmpID;
var Customer TotalSales Quantity;
label EmpID = “Employee ID”
TotalSales = “Total Sales”
Quantity = “Number Sold”;
format TotalSales dollar10.2 Quantity comma7.;
run;
OUTPUT:
We used sales data set with n = option to see total number of observations .
title “Demonstrating the N option of PROC PRINT”;
proc print data=sales n=”Total number of Observations:”;
id EmpID;
var TotalSales Quantity;
label EmpID = “Employee ID”
TotalSales = “Total Sales”
Quantity = “Number Sold”;
format TotalSales dollar10.2 Quantity comma7.;
run;
OUTPUT:
We used double option to double space between rows of the report
title “Double-Spacing Your Listing”;
proc print data=sales double;
id EmpID;
var TotalSales Quantity;
label EmpID = “Employee ID”
TotalSales = “Total Sales”
Quantity = “Number Sold”;
format TotalSales dollar10.2 Quantity comma7.;
run;
OUTPUT:
It shows starting 5 observation of sales .
title “First Five Observations from SALES”;
proc print data=learn.sales(obs=5);
run;
OUTPUT:
It shows starting 5 observations with all headings in vertical direction .
title “First Five Observations from SALES”;
proc print data=learn.sales(obs=5) heading=vertical;
run;
OUTPUT:
We used sales data set to include observation starting from 5 onwards.
proc print data=learn.sales(firstobs=5) ;
run;
OUTPUT:
We can show observations from 5 to 9 by using following code :
proc print data=learn.sales(firstobs=5 obs =9) noobs;
run;
We can split the variables labels by using split option .It split in two parts of variable names as:
proc sort data=learn.sales out=sales;
by EmpID;
run;
proc print data=sales split=”*”;
id Empid ;
by Empid;
var Customer Quantity ;
label Empid=”Employee *Id”
Customer = “Customer *Name”
Quantity = “Quantity *Sold”;
run;
OUTPUT:
We can display output in style format . It uses following statement :
style(header)={frontstyle = italic color =green} used to give font style as italic and color as green in header of data set.
proc print data=learn.sales
style(header)={fontstyle=italic color= green}
style(obs)={backgroundcolor=#a8a44ff8a color=blue};
var EmpID Customer Item;
run;
OUTPUT:
